皖北地区乡村居民点分布特征及影响因素分析

On Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Residential Areas in Northern Anhui

乡村居民点的布局优化是调节耕地、改善乡村人居环境的重要手段,对其分布特征及影响因素的研究,能够为协调乡村规划布局提供重要参考。以皖北地区为研究对象,运用ArcGIS空间统计法计算皖北地区乡村居民点的平均密度和最近邻指数,以揭示其空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:皖北地区乡村居民点分布类型整体上为聚类型分布,局部表现为扩散型分布,旱涝灾害频繁的地区居民点分布密度相对较小,乡村居住点主要分布在海拔高度20到50m之间,且沿河系两侧呈集聚分布状态。在此基础上提出皖北地区乡村居民点整治的几点建议,为后期乡村人居环境的进一步优化提供理论参考。

The layout optimization of rural residential areas is an important means to adjust arable land and improve the rural living environment.The study of its distribution characteristics and influencing factors can provide ideas for the coordination of rural planning and layout.Taking the north of Anhui Province as the research object,the average density and nearest neighbor index of rural residential areas in the north of Anhui Province are calculated by ArcGIS spatial statistical method to reveal their spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors.The results show that the distribution type of rural residential areas in Northern Anhui is aggregation type distribution in general and diffusion type distribution in part,and the distribution density of the settlements in the areas with frequent drought and flood disasters is relatively small,and the rural residential areas are mainly distributed between 20 and 50mabove sea level and are concentrated along both sides of the river system.On this basis,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of rural residential areas in Northern Anhui,which provides theoretical reference for the further optimization of rural residential environment in the later period.