不同农业剩余物对秀珍菇菌丝生长的影响

Effects of Different Agricultural Residues on Mycelial Growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius

利用农业剩余物栽培食用菌已经成为食用菌产业发展的必然趋势。运用单纯型格子法,优化出可替代木屑和棉籽壳进行秀珍菇菌丝培养的“农业剩余物”配方。利用小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和大豆秸秆三种农业剩余物做主料培养秀珍菇菌丝,测定菌丝生长速率和各种酶活数据,运用SPSS和Design-Expert软件分析各主料交互作用对秀珍菇菌丝生长的影响,并最终优化出一个适合秀珍菇菌丝生长的农业剩余物配方。研究结果表明,在农业剩余物配方中,秀珍菇在小麦秸秆基质的菌丝生长速率最大,纤维素酶活性最高;在小麦秸秆和玉米秸秆各50%做主料的基质中,漆酶和多酚氧化酶活性最高;小麦秸秆最适合秀珍菇菌丝生长,其次是玉米秸秆和大豆秸秆。配方优化得到一个适合秀珍菇菌丝生长的农业剩余物配方:小麦秸秆61.4%,玉米秸秆17.6%,麦麸20.0%,石灰1.0%。小麦秸秆和玉米秸秆可以替代木屑和棉籽壳进行秀珍菇菌丝的培养,为秀珍菇进行“木腐菌草腐化”设施化生产提供理论依据。

Using agricultural residues to cultivate edible fungi has become an inevitable trend in the development of edible fungi industry.The formula of"agricultural residue"which can replace sawdust and cottonseed hull for mycelial culture of Pleurotus pulmonarius was optimized by simple lattice method.In this study,wheat straw,corn straw and soybean straw were used as the main materials to culture mycelium of Pleurotus pulmonarius.The growth rate of mycelium and enzyme activity data of Pleurotus pulmonarius were measured.SPSS and Design-Expert software were used to analyze the influence of the interaction of the main materials on the mycelium growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius.Finally,an agricultural residue formula suitable for the growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius was optimized.The results showed that in the formula of agricultural residues,the mycelium growth and cellulase activity were the highest in the substrate of wheat straw.Laccase and polyphenol oxidase had the highest activity among wheat straw and corn straw as the main substrate 50%respectively.Wheat straw is the most suitable for the mycelium growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius,followed by corn straw and soybean straw.A formula suitable for the growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius mycelia was obtained:wheat straw 61.4%,corn straw 17.6%,wheat bran 20.0%,lime 1.0%.Wheat straw and corn straw can replace sawdust and cottonseed hull to cultivate Pleurotus pulmonarius mycelium,which provides a theoretical basis for production of“wood rot and grass decay”was implemented of Pleurotus pulmonarius.