认罪认罚从宽制度的中国特色剖析

The Chinese Characteristics of China’s Lenient Punishment System for Pleading Guilty

从学术观点、规范分析以及实践声音三个方面探析我国认罪认罚从宽制度的中国定位与特征问题,可为我国认罪认罚从宽制度的有效践行与未来发展提供统一性的理论与实践指导。分别从合意模式与诉讼分流模式、平等武装与职权主导诉讼构造、协商裁量与法定原则、认罪为主与真实发现、有效辩护与自愿性保障以及诉讼效率与司法公正的六对理论学说的对立性分析与研判,提出认罪认罚从宽制度应是以审判为中心诉讼制度的程序分流机制。应该遵循法定主义原则而不是裁量适用原则,仍应追求实质真实目的而不是围绕供述的追诉机制,不是推行有效辩护的主要动力,而是确保"自愿性"的保障制度,不是可随意反悔的程序自由主义,而是严守规则的程序规则主义等中国特色的认罪认罚从宽制度。

From the academic point of view,the normative analysis and the practical voice,the paper analyzes the characteristics of China’s lenient punishment system for pleading guilty,which can provide a unified theoretical and practical guidance for the effective practice and future development of China’s lenient punishment system for pleading guilty.According to the research on the six pairs of theories of the litigation agreement mode and litigation diversion mode,equal force and authority domination in the structure of litigation,negotiated discretion and the legal principle,pleading guilty and discovering the truth,effective defense and voluntary protection,lawsuit efficiency and judicial fairness,the Chinese characteristics of lenient system of confession and punishment should be a trial-centered procedural diversion mechanism,which should follow the principle of legality rather than discretion,should pursue the substantial real purpose rather than the prosecution mechanism centering on confession,being not the main driving force for effective defence,but a safeguard system to ensure "voluntariness",not the procedural liberalism that can be repented at will,but the rule-based procedural rules.