营口市1199例婴幼儿贫血情况分析

Analysis of anemia in 1199 infants in Yingkou

目的了解营口市婴幼儿贫血情况,为预防和干预贫血提供科学依据。方法选取2019年1~12月进行定期健康体检的1199例婴幼儿作为研究对象,检测血常规,分析不同年龄段婴幼儿的贫血患病率,通过调查问卷对贫血的相关影响因素进行分析。结果1199例受检婴幼儿贫血患病率为20.5%(246/1199),以轻度贫血为主,占96.7%(238/246)。6个月至1岁患儿贫血患病率最高,为29.2%(136/465),高于>1~2岁及>2~3岁婴幼儿的患病率,随年龄增长贫血患病率逐渐降低(P<0.05)。研究分析表明,母亲孕期是否贫血、是否及时合理添加辅食、是否经常接受育儿指导、出生半年内喂养方式、近两周有无反复腹泻等方面因素与婴幼儿贫血的发生有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强孕期保健,防治孕期贫血,防治孕期并发症,减少早产率,定期对婴幼儿进行健康体检,加强宣教,普及喂养知识,提倡科学喂养,及时合理添加辅食,是预防贫血发生的关键。

Objective To learn about the anemia situation of infants in Yingkou,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and intervention of anemia.Methods Totally 1199 infants who underwent regular physical examination from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects.Their blood routine tests were performed to analyze the prevalence rate of anemia in infants of different age groups,and the related influencing factors of anemia were analyzed through questionnaires.Results The incidence rate of anemia in 1199 infants was 20.5%(246/1199),with mild anemia being the main type,accounting for 96.7%(238/246).The incidence rate of anemia was the highest in the group aged 6 months to 1 year old(29.3%,136/465),which was higher than that of infants aged 1 to 2 years old and 2 to 3 years old.The incidence rate of anemia gradually decreased with age(P<0.05).Research and analysis showed that the incidence of anemia was related to many factors,including whether the mother had anemia during pregnancy,whether supplementary food was added timely and reasonably,whether she often received parenting guidance,feeding methods within half a year after birth,and whether she had recurrent diarrhea in the past two weeks,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The keys to preventing infant anemia are to strengthen health care during pregnancy,to prevent gestational anemia and complications,to reduce premature delivery rate,to carry out regular health examination in infants,to popularize knowledge on feeding,to advocate scientific feeding and to add supplementary foods in time.