从《温病条辨》探析吴鞠通儿科用药特点

Study on the characteristics of Wu Jutong's pediatric medication from the Detailed Analysis of Epidemic Warm Diseases

吴鞠通著《温病条辨》倡三焦辨证,形成了以卫气营血、三焦为核心的温病辨证体系,其中卷六《解儿难》结合温病理论阐释了其对儿科疾病和治疗用药的独特见解。吴鞠通解小儿“纯阳”为“稚阳未充,稚阴未长”,其易于感邪、易于传变,治疗用药需谨慎。本文结合吴鞠通对小儿生理病理特点的认识,从谨慎选药、慎用苦寒、多甘少酸、巧用辛温、善用辛凉、重视脾胃、辅以食疗七个方面阐释吴鞠通儿科方面的用药特点,以期为儿科临床用药提供参考。

Wu Jutong advocated syndrome differentiation of triple energizer in his treatise on the Detailed Analysis of Epidemic Warm Diseases,and formed a syndrome differentiation system of febrile diseases with Wei Qi Ying Xue and triple energizer as the core.In VolumeⅥ,Jieer Nan,through combination with the theory of febrile diseases,he explained his unique views on pediatric diseases and therapeutic drugs.Wu Jutong believed that children's"pure Yang"was"immature Yang is not sufficient,and immature Yin was not developed".They were more likely to be affected by evil and to change,so the treatment and medication should be cautious.Based on Wu Jutong's understanding of the physiological and pathological characteristics of children,this paper explains the medication characteristics of Wu Jutong in pediatrics from seven aspects:careful selection of drugs,careful use of bitter and cold drugs,more sweet and less sour drugs,skillful use of pungent and temperature drugs,good use of pungent and cool drugs,paying attention to the spleen and stomach,and supplementation of diet,in order to provide reference for clinical medication in pediatrics.