社会价值、经济价值与社会企业创业策略的选择——基于制度逻辑理论的案例研究

The Social and Economic Values and the Selection of Social Entrepreneurial Strategies:A Case Study Based on the Institutional Logic Theory

社会企业在创业过程中如何选择市场逻辑与公益逻辑,以平衡社会价值和经济价值之间的冲突,促进企业的可持续发展?其作用机理是怎样的?影响不同逻辑选择背后的因素是什么?基于制度逻辑视角,以三家典型社会企业为研究对象,对上述问题进行了研究,发现:①相对于单一的公益逻辑、单一的市场逻辑,混合逻辑是社会企业最佳的创业策略,可以很好地平衡社会价值和经济价值之间的冲突,并推动企业成长;②就混合逻辑而言,社会企业可以采取强市场逻辑、强公益逻辑模式的非均衡模式,也可以采取市场与公益混合的双元逻辑均衡模式;③不同社会企业选择不同的混合逻辑模式,一个可能的原因是社会企业所属类型不同,对合法性的需求不同。

This paper investigates how social enterprises choose the logic of the market and the public welfare to balance the conflict between social and economic values.How does it work?What are the factors behind the different logical choices?Based on the perspective of institutional logic,this paper takes three typical social enterprises as research objects to study those issues.Our findings indicate that social enterprises can keep the balance between social and economic value creations through adopting the models of strong market and public welfare logics,or the equilibrium model which is the mixture of market and public welfare logics based on the nature of social enterprises.We also find that the fundamental motivation for selecting different entrepreneurial strategies is to obtain different levels of organizational legitimacy in order to win social recognition and support.