农村留守儿童语言使用影响因素评价模型的构建

Construction of Influencing Factors Evaluation Model on Language Use of Rural Left-behind Children

留守儿童现象仍较普遍,在其诸多问题中,语言使用问题常被忽略。以陕西省464名农村留守儿童为样本,构建了语言管理、语言态度对留守儿童语言使用影响因素的模型。研究发现,农村地区语言环境仍存在较多不足,监护人方言惯性及父母外出务工都会影响留守儿童普通话的使用;父母施加必要的语言管理,不仅需要对留守儿童进行语言管理,也需对监护人进行语言管理,能够有效提升留守儿童普通话的使用。因此,除充分发挥父母在留守儿童语言使用中的影响作用外,更应进一步加强对农村地区普通话推广力度,完善农村地区普通话的语言环境与资源,父母还应通过多种方式,增加返乡与留守儿童接触的频次与时间,这样能够有效削弱监护人方言惯性的负面影响,还能够提升父母对留守儿童的语言管理效果,提高留守儿童对普通话的认可度。

The phenomenon of left-behind children is still common.Among its many problems,the problem of language use is often ignored.Taking 464 rural left-behind children in Shaanxi Province as samples,constructs a model of the impact of language management and language attitude on the language use of left-behind children.The study found that there are still many deficiencies in the language environment in rural areas.The guardian's dialect inertia and parents'migrant work will affect the use of mandarin by left-behind children.If parents exert necessary language management,they need not only language management for left-behind children,but also language management for guardians,which can effectively improve the use of mandarin by left-behind children.Therefore,in addition to giving full play to the influence of parents on the language use of left-behind children,we should further strengthen the promotion of mandarin in rural areas and improve the language environment and resources of mandarin in rural areas.Parents should also increase the frequency and time of contact with left-behind children in various ways,which can effectively weaken the negative impact of guardian dialect inertia,It can also improve the language management effect of parents on left-behind children and improve the recognition of left-behind children to mandarin.