突发公共卫生事件背景下大学生心理适应的影响因素研究

A Study of the Influence Factors of College Students'Mental Adaptation Under the Background of Public Health Emergencies

为了探讨大学生在突发公共卫生事件中心理适应情况及差异,分别于2020年3月、9月和12月选取三所高校800名大学生作为调查对象,分3批次开展问卷调查。其中,有效数据样本为751个。结果表明,大学生自主调节动机与父亲支持(0.240**)、母亲支持(0.230**)和基本心理需求的满足(0.360**)分别正相关,且均极显著(P<0.01);自我调节动机、社会归属感(0.340**)与孤独(-0.320**)和抑郁(-0.180**)程度分别负相关,且均极显著(P<0.01)。由此建议高校要重视家校合力心理育人,家校协同为学生创造稳定的心理支持环境;重视对社会归属感缺乏、社会支持系统弱的学生群体的心理干预和基本心理需求的满足;重视强化大学生自我调节动机,促进大学生在连续的时间范围内达到“自我发展和人格整合”的有效平衡。

To explore the situations and the differences of college students'mental adaptation in the public health emergencies,a questionnaire had been managed with 800 college students from three colleges chosen to be the respondents in three batches in March,September,December in 2020 of which the effective sample is 751.The results showed that college students'self-regulation motivation was positively associated with father's support(0.240**),mother's support(0.230**)and the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs(0.360**),and these statistics are very significant(P<0.01).The stronger of the self-regulation motivation,it's negatively associated with a sense of social belonging(-0.340**),solitude(-0.320**)and depression(-0.180**),and these statistics are highly significant(P<0.01).Therefore,it suggests that colleges should pay attention to home-school joint psychological education to create a stable psychological support environment for college students;it should attach great importance to the psychological intervention and the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of the students group with the lack of the sense of social belonging and the weak system of social support.It should value the enhancement of the college students'self-regulation motivation,and the improvement of the college students to approach the effective balance of"self-development and character integration"within a continuous time window.