李贺《雁门太守行》中应该有“鬼”

"Ghost"in Yanmen Governor by Li He

李贺代表作《雁门太守行》存在多处异文以及异解。“向月”有作“向日”,“鬼声”有作“角声”,“燕支”有作“燕脂”“臙脂”,“鼓寒”有作“寒鼓”。相比之下,前两处异文比较重要,而判断“月”与“日”、“鬼”与“角”的关键在于确定昼与夜。综合各种因素,本诗描写的应该是夜间的景象及感受,因为只有在夜间,才会是“向月”,才会有“鬼声”,才会更加紧张和悲壮,也才能更加体现边塞及战争的血醒和残酷。如果是白天,就有违和感。因此,应该是“向月”和“鬼声”。

There are different versions and interpretations of Li He's masterpiece,"Yanmen Governor".It is crucial to identify it depicts sun or moon,ghost or horn to settle the confusion.This poem describes the scene and sentiment at night,because only at night can it be"to the moon"and"ghost sound".It could be more and tragic,and better reflect the cruelty of the frontier fortress and war.All that can't be reached in daytime.Therefore,it should be"baiyue"and"Guisheng".