草莓果实病原菌的分离鉴定及对12种杀菌剂的敏感性

Isolation and Identification of Pathogen from Strawberry Fruits and Its Sensitivity to 12 Fungicides

本研究从自然腐败的草莓果实中分离病原菌,进行菌种鉴定,并采用生长速率法测定其对12种杀菌剂的敏感性。结果表明,通过形态学和分子生物学鉴定,分离得到的病原菌为多主枝孢菌(Cladosporium herbarum);在供试12种杀菌剂中,咪鲜胺对其室内毒力最高,EC_(50)值为0.341 mg/L;其次为咯菌腈、氟吡菌酰胺和啶酰菌胺,EC_(50)值分别为0.672、0.769、0.884 mg/L。综合考虑抑菌活性和安全间隔期,推荐防治草莓果实多主枝孢菌优先选择咪鲜胺采前喷施或采后浸果,其次为咯菌腈和氟吡菌酰胺采前不少于3 d喷施。

In this study,a pathogenic strain was isolated from naturally rotten strawberry fruits,and its susceptibility to 12 fungicides was determined by growth rate method.The results showed that the isolated pathogen was identified as Cladosporium herbarum by morphological and molecular methods.Among the 12 tested fungicides,prochloraz exhibited the highest indoor toxicity with EC_(50) value as 0.341 mg/L,followed by fludioxonil,fluopyram and boscalid with EC_(50) values as 0.672,0.769 and 0.884 mg/L,respectively.Considering the inhibition activity and safety interval,it was recommended to spray prochloraz before harvest or soak fruits after harvest for strawberry Cladosporium herbarum control,which was followed by spraying fludioxonil and fluopyram at least 3 days before harvest.