饲粮添加有机铬对热应激下黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血液酶活力和肠道形态的影响

Effects of Dietary Organic Chromium on Growth Performance,Blood Enzyme Activities and Intestinal Morphology of Yellow-feather Broiler Chickens under Heat Stress

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加有机铬对热应激下黄羽肉鸡生产性能、血液酶活力和肠道形态的作用。选择180只32日龄雄性黄羽肉鸡,随机分为常温组、热应激组和有机铬组,每组6个重复,每重复10只鸡。常温组和热应激组饲喂基础饲粮,有机铬组在基础饲粮中添加1.2 mg/kg的有机铬。常温组环境为26℃,热应激组和有机铬组环境温度为35℃,试验共14 d。结果表明:热应激显著降低了黄羽肉鸡的45 d体重、32~45 d的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),显著升高了料重比和死淘率(P<0.05),显著升高了血液谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)的活力(P<0.05),显著降低了空肠和回肠的绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05);饲粮添加1.2 mg/kg的有机铬显著提高了黄羽肉鸡的45 d体重、32~45 d的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),显著降低了料重比(P<0.05),显著降低了血液AST和CK的活力(P<0.05),显著提高了空肠的绒毛高度、回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度值(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加1.2 mg/kg的有机铬可提高热应激下黄羽肉鸡32~45日龄的生长性能,改善肠道黏膜形态,降低血液酶的活力,缓解热应激对黄羽肉鸡生产性能和肠道形态的不良影响。

This experiment was to study the effects of dietary organic chromium on growth performance,blood enzyme activities and intestinal morphology of yellow-feathered broiler chickens under heat stress.A total of 18032-day-old male yellow-feathered broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into three groups the normal temperature group,heat stress group and organic chromium group,with six replicates per group and ten birds each replicate.The normal temperature group and the heat stress group were fed with basal diet,while the organic chromium group was feed with the basic diet supplemented with 1.2 mg/kg organic chromium.The ambient temperature of the normal temperature group was26℃,while the temperature of the heat stress group and the organic chromium group was 35℃,and the test lasted for 14 days.The results showed that heat stress significantly reduced the 45 days-old body weight,average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of the 32 to 45 days-old yellowfeathered broiler chickens(P<0.05),and significantly increased the feed to gain ratio(F/G)and mortality(P<0.05),significantly increased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and creatine kinase(CK)(P<0.05),and signifi-cantly reduced the villus height and villus heightand crypt depth(V/C)in jejunum and ileum(P<0.05);adding 1.2 mg/kg of organic chromium to the diet significantly increased the 45 days-old body weight,ADG and ADFI of the 32 to 45 days-old yel-low-feathered broiler chickens(P<0.05),significantly reduced the F/G(P<0.05),and the activities ofblood AST and CK(P<0.05),significantly increased the villus height in jejunum,and V/C in ileum(P<0.05).In summary,under the experimental conditions of this paper,adding 1.2 mg/kg organic chromiumcould improve the growth performance and the morphology of the intestinal mucosa,while reduce the ac-tivities of blood enzymes,which could relieve the adverse effects of heat stress on growth performanceand intestinal morphology in yellow-feathered broiler chickens aged 32-45 days under heat stress.