五种柑橘属水果膳食纤维功能特性及微观结构研究

Study on functional property and microstructure of dietary fiber from five citrus fruits

以脐橙、葡萄柚、柠檬、贡柑和椪柑五种柑橘属水果的果皮为试材,比较了果皮中膳食纤维(DF)功能特性和微观结构的差异。结果表明:五种膳食纤维成分的功能特性和微观结构存在显著差异。葡萄柚DF具有最高的胆酸钠吸附量(877.69±13.32mg/g),胆固醇吸附量(10.88±0.32mg/g〔pH2.0〕,17.90±0.17mg/g〔pH7.0〕),α-淀粉酶活力抑制率(56.73%)和胰脂肪酶活力抑制率(32.5%)。在胃的酸性环境下,椪柑DF具有最高的NO_(2)^(-)清除率(36.40%)。脐橙DF中主要单糖是葡萄糖(33.87%),而其他四种柑橘属DF中主要单糖是阿拉伯糖,其中葡萄柚DF中阿拉伯糖最高(44.83%)。通过扫描电镜观察,葡萄柚和椪柑DF表面更加不规则、粗糙,并且蜂窝状结构更致密伴随大量裂缝和孔隙。

With Five citrus fruits(orange,grapefruit,lemon,gonggan and ponkan)as raw material,the functional property and microstructure of dietary fiber from citrus fruits were compared.The results showed that the grapefruit DF had the highest sodium cholate binding ability(877.69±13.32mg/g),cholesterol binding ability(10.88±0.32mg/g〔pH2.0〕,17.90±0.17mg/g〔pH7.0〕),α-amylase activity inhibition rate(56.73%)and pancreatic lipase activity inhibition rate(32.5%).In acidic environment,ponkan DF had the highest NO_(2)^(-)removal rate(36.40%).The main monosaccharide for orange DF was glucose(33.87%),while arabinose was the main one in other four citrus fruits,grapefruit DF had the highest arabinose(44.83%).Electron microscopy showed the surface of the DFs from grapefruit and ponkan is more irregular and uneven with a greater number of cracks and holes.