论物理概念与规律的认知机制:深化与发展

The Formation Process of Physics Concepts and Laws:Deepening and Development

在教学中使学生形成、理解物理概念,进而掌握物理规律,并使学生的物理学科能力得到发展,是中学物理教学的核心议题。研究发现,目前我国中学物理概念与规律的教学一直停留在创设物理情境、进行思维加工、理解物理意义和运用概念规律的经验层面,未能真正厘清学生形成物理概念与规律的认知机制,在一定程度上影响了中学物理教学的发展。为此,本文基于爱因斯坦的概念形成与发展理论、物理学知识—能力结构以及皮亚杰的认知理论,进一步深化与发展了物理概念与规律的教学理论,为在中学物理教学中落实物理学科核心素养提供了有益启示。

It is the core issue of middle school physics teaching to enable students to form and understand physical concepts and master physical laws,and develop students’ physics ability.It is found that the formation process of middle school physics concepts and laws in China has always stayed at the empirical level of creating physical situations,thinking processing,understanding physical meaning and using concepts,and failed to really clarify the cognitive mechanism of students’ learning of physics concepts and laws,which has affected the development of middle school physics teaching to a certain extent.Therefore,based on Einstein’s concept formation and development theory, "physics knowledgeability structure" and Piaget’s cognitive theory,the formation process of physics concepts and laws is further deepened and developed,which provides beneficial enlightenment for the implementation of the physics core competences in middle school physics teaching.