新冠疫情背景下网络问政诉求话语的论辩研究

An Argumentative Study of Appeal Discourse in E-governmen

依据修辞-语用论辩分析框架,以新冠疫情期间浙江省网络问政平台公示的诉求信为语料,对网络问政诉求话语进行量化统计和质化分析,从而探索该类话语的理性和修辞性特征。结果显示:在逻辑理性层面,民众倾向于使用复杂多元的论辩结构为诉求进行辩护,力求在形式上做到“有理有据”,然而在论辩合理性方面存在严重不足,以“违反自由规则”和“违反论辩图式规则”两类谬误最为显著。在修辞实效性层面,民众善于利用各种修辞策略来增强话语的劝谏力,同时立足于法律、数据、政策法规等客观性理据和人品、情感、“同一”理念等修辞发明,体现出网络问政诉求者一定的修辞素养。

Based on the analytical framework of Rhetoric-Pragma-Dialectics,this paper explores the reasoning and rhetorical features of the appeal discourse in e-government during the Covid-19 epidemic by using the data collected from Zhejiang e-government platform.On the one hand,it is found that while citizens are inclined to defend their appeals with sophisticated argumentation structures in an effort to make the appeals plausible,they fail to achieve argumentative reasonableness by slipping into such fallacies as violating“the rule of the right to challenge”and“the rule of argumentation schemes”.On the other,citizens tend to use a variety of rhetorical strategies to strengthen the persuasiveness of their claims,including objective proofs such as laws,statistics and regulations,as well as rhetorical inventions like“ethos”,“pathos”and identification strategies,which demonstrates citizens’rhetorical competence to a certain extent.