从经济学视角看职业教育供给侧结构性改革

Supply-side Structural Reform of Vocational Education from the Perspective of Economics

职业教育是社会再生产的重要一环,适用供给经济学的解释框架。职业教育领域与其他生产领域一样,供给不足与供给过剩问题并存。职业教育的供给侧结构性改革需要从生产、生产要素、制度变革三个层面同时发力。生产层面改革是基础,重点任务是教育教学改革;要素层面改革是关键,重点任务是要素升级,即师资、教材、教学设施与经济社会发展同步的转型升级;职业教育制度改革是核心,重点任务是职业教育的供给与生产主体分离制度、投资与成本分担制度、标准制度的改革。供给侧结构性改革,可实现职业教育根本性改革,使其更适应经济社会的发展需要。

Vocational education is an important part of social reproduction,and it is applicable to the interpretation framework of supply-side economics.In the vocational education,as in other areas of production,the problem of undersupply coexists with the problem of oversupply.The supply-side structural reform of the vocational education requires simultaneous efforts on three levels:production,factors of production and institutional change.The reform of production level is the foundation,the point is the reform of education and teaching;the key task is the reform of element level,the core is the upgrade of element,that is,the transformation and upgrade of teachers,teaching materials,teaching facilities and economic and social development;The reform of the vocational education system is the core,and the key is the reform of the vocational education’s system of separation of supply and production subject,investment and cost sharing system and standard system.The supply-side structural reform will enable the vocational education to carry out fundamental reforms and make it more responsive to the needs of economic and social development.