某管区旅客列车二次供水水质监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of secondary water supply quality of passenger train in a certain district

目的调查管区旅客列车二次供水水质卫生状况,评价旅客列车二次供水系统的影响因素,提出改善列车二次供水水质的建议。方法对2019年兰州铁路局管内的24对CRH型旅客列车的48份列车二次供水水质和10对22型、30对25型旅客列车的160份列车二次供水水质检测情况进行对比分析。结果检测的208份水样合格率为73.08%。22型与25型旅客列车二次供水水质合格率分别为62.50%和66.67%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.23,P>0.05);CRH型旅客列车二次供水水质合格率为97.92%,与22型和25型旅客列车二次供水水质合格率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为18.40和18.15,P<0.05);22型和25型旅客列车不同座别的二次供水水质合格率分别为65.00%、67.50%、62.50%和67.50%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为0.056、0.054、0.056、0.22、0、和0.22,P>0.05);22型和25型旅客列车二次供水菌落总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度和铁存在不达标情况,CRH型旅客列车二次供水仅有1份水样菌落总数不达标。结论CRH型旅客列车二次供水水质明显优于22型和25型,改变22型和25型旅客列车的排便口与注水管的位置、选用非直排式列车集便系统或在为旅客列车上水时,向上水软管内投加适量的含氯消毒剂可使旅客列车二次供水细菌学指标的合格率显著提高。

Objectives To investigate the sanitary condition of the secondary water supply for passenger trains in the administration area,to evaluate the influencing factors of the secondary water supply system for passenger trains,and to put forward suggestions for improving the water quality of the secondary water supply for passenger trains.Methods The water quality of secondary water supply of 48 trains of 24 pairs of CRH type passenger trains and 160 trains of 10 pairs of type 22 passenger trains and 30 pairs of type 25 passenger trains in Lanzhou Railway Bureau in 2019 was analyzed and compared.Results The qualification rate of 208 samples tested was 73.08%.The qualification rate of secondary water supply quality of type 22 and 25 passenger trains was 62.50%and 66.67%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.23,P>0.05).The qualification rate of secondary water supply of CRH passenger train was 97.92%,which was statistically significantly different compared with that of type 22 and 25 passenger trains(χ^(2)=18.40,18.15,P<0.05).The qualification rate of secondary water supply quality of type 22 and 25 passenger trains in different seats was 65.00%,67.50%,62.50%and 67.50%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.056,0.054,0.056,0.22,0,and 0.22,P>0.05).The total number of bacterial colonies,total coliform,turbidity and iron in the secondary water supply of type 22 and 25 passenger trains did not meet the standard,while only one water sample for the secondary water supply of CRH passenger trains did not meet the standard.Conclusion The quality of secondary water supply of CRH passenger train is obviously better than that of type 22 and 25 passenger trains.Changing the position of defecation port and water injection pipe of type 22 and 25 passenger trains,selecting non direct train defecation collection system,or adding appropriate amount of chlorine disinfectant into the water supply hose can significantly improve the qualification rate of bacteriological indexes of secondary water supply of passenger trains.