四川德阳地区HBsAg阳性人群HBV感染流行病学横断面调查

A cross-sectional survey on the epidemiology of HBV infection among HBsAg-positive people in Deyang Area

目的分析德阳地区乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性人群HBV感染的流行病学特征。方法选2020年该地区健康体检信息以HBV血清学标志物检测结果筛选受试对象,选取1645例HBsAg阳性患者为主要对象分析人群流行病学特征。使用Epidata录入数据,使用SPSS统计软件包分析数据。结果除职业分布在两性分布存在差别外,男性和女性中,年龄、文化水平、家族史以及疫苗接种史(乙肝疫苗)分布差异均未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。1645例HBsAg阳性受试对象中,同时为抗HBs阳性的双阳性者41例,双阳性率为2.49%。与HBs阴性者对比,HBs阳性者中,男性、初中文化水平、职业为农民、未接种疫苗以及家族史阳性者所占比例相对更高。AmpliPrep/COBAS定量检测试剂进行HBV DNA病毒载量检测,92.69%为定量阳性(38例),其中HBV DNA<20 IU/mL者23例(60.53%),以及>20 IU/mL者15例(39.47%)。双阳性人群流行病学分布特征提示男性、初中文化水平、职业为农民、未接种疫苗以及家族史阳性者所占比例相对更高。分析HBsAg阳性人群中抗HBs阳性(双阳性)的潜在影响因素,可见年龄增高、职业为农民、乙肝疫苗首针未及时接种以及肝病家族史阳性为双阳性发生的潜在危险因素。结论该地区今后应特别关注年龄较大、具有肝病家族史以及乙肝疫苗接种缺如或接种不全的农民人群,进行乙肝的防控。

Objective To analyze and discuss the epidemiological characteristics of HBV infection in people with hepatitis B virus(HBV)surface antigen(HBsAg)positive in Deyang Area.Methods The health checkup information of the region in 2020 was selected to screen the subjects with the results of HBV serological markers,and 1645 HBsAg-positive patients were selected as the main subjects to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the population.Use Epidata to enter data,and use SPSS statistical software package to analyze the data.Results Except for the differences in occupational distribution between the sexes,the differences in age,education level,family history,and vaccination history(hepatitis B vaccine)were not statistically significant among men and women in this study.Among the 1645 HBsAg-positive subjects,41 were double-positive for anti-HBs at the same time,and the double-positive rate was 2.49%.Compared with HBs-negative people,HBs-positive people have a relatively higher proportion of males,junior high school education level,occupation as a farmer,unvaccinated,and positive family history.AmpliPrep/COBAS quantitative detection reagent was used for HBV DNA viral load detection,92.69%were quantitatively positive(38 cases),of which 23 cases(60.53%)with HBV DNA<20 IU/mL,and 15 cases(39.47%)with HBV DNA>20 IU/mL.The epidemiological characteristics of the double-positive population suggest that the proportion of males,junior high school education level,occupation as a farmer,unvaccinated and positive family history is relatively higher.Analyzing the potential influencing factors of anti-HBs positive(double positive)in HBsAg-positive people,it can be seen that the increase in age,the occupation is a farmer,the first injection of hepatitis B vaccine is not in time,and the family history of liver disease is positive as potential risk factors for the occurrence of double positive.Conclusion In the future,this region should pay special attention to farmers who are older,have a family history of liver disease,and lack or incomplete hepatitis B vaccination for hepatitis B prevention and control.