基于相控阵超声技术的重载铁路钢轨焊缝检测方法

Detection Method of Heavy Haul Railway Rail Welding Seam Based on Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology

针对采用传统超声波对重载铁路钢轨焊缝检测时效率低且易漏检的问题,提出了利用相控阵超声技术对钢轨焊缝进行检测。通过仿真模拟确定了扫描角度和探头位置等检测工艺,并选取GHT-5和YN-1试块进行试验验证。结果表明:采用相控阵超声技术进行焊缝检测可以实现多角度扫查,探头小范围移动即可完成全覆盖扫查,操作简单,效率高,检测效果良好;相控阵扇形扫描检测图像包括丰富的缺陷信息,可以直观地呈现缺陷位置,有利于缺陷的识别和判定。利用相控阵探伤仪对重载铁路钢轨焊缝伤损进行定性和定量分析,提高了小当量损伤和易误判易漏伤损的识别率,提升了检测效率。

Aiming at the problem of low efficiency and easy omission in the detection of rail welding seam of heavy haul railway by traditional ultrasonic,the phased array ultrasonic technology was proposed to detect rail welding seam.Through simulation,the detection processes such as scanning angle and probe position were determined,and GHT-5 and YN-1 test blocks were selected for test verification. The results show that multi angle scanning can be realized by using phased array technology for welding seam detection,and full coverage scanning can be completed by moving the probe in a small range. It has the advantages of simple operation,high efficiency and good detection effect. The phased array sector scan detection image includes rich defect information,which can intuitively present the defect location and is conducive to the identification and determination of defects. The phased array flaw detector is used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the welding seam damage of heavy haul railway rail,which improves the recognition rate of small equivalent damage and misjudging and leaky damage,and enhances the detection efficiency.