数据视角下虚拟财产的刑法保护

Criminal Law Protection of Virtual Property from the Perspective of Data

关于虚拟财产的本质属性,理论界与实务界争论的分歧,主要在虚拟财产"物"的属性或"数据"属性上;对于窃取虚拟财产罪名的认定,主要分歧为是盗窃罪还是非法获取计算机系统数据罪。虚拟财产是运营商以二进制01串生成的代码数据,以电磁记录的形式存在,其本质并非财物,以财产犯罪对虚拟财产进行直接保护会导致理论与实践产生诸多冲突。虚拟财产具有数据属性,数据化保护路径可以使其法益保护更周全,使犯罪对象更相洽,符合罪责刑相适应原则。因此,通过保护计算机数据从而间接保护虚拟财产是解决虚拟财产被窃取问题的有效途径,对非法获取该类虚拟财产的,应以非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪论处。

Regarding the essential attributes of virtual property,the disagreements between theoretical and practical circles mainly lie in the attributes of the“thing”or“data”of the virtual property;for the determination of the crime of stealing virtual property,the main difference is whether it is the crime of theft or the crime of illegally obtaining computer information system data.Virtual property is code data generated by operators in the binary 01 string,which exists in the form of electromagnetic records.Its essence is not property.The direct protection of virtual property by property crime will cause many conflicts between theory and practice.Virtual property has data attributes,and the data-based protection path can make it more comprehensive in the protection of legal interests,make the criminal objects more consistent,and conform to the principle of crime,responsibility and punishment.Therefore,indirect protection of virtual property by protecting computer data is an effective way to solve the problem of virtual property being stolen.Those who illegally obtain such virtual property should be punished as the crime of illegally obtaining computer information system data.