精准医疗领域的人工智能(AI)治理

Artificial Intelligence(AI)Governance in Precision Medicine

近年来,人工智能(AI)和精准医疗(precision medicine)的融合正在医疗保健领域推动新的革命。精准医疗方法可以利用人工智能的复杂计算技术和模型,结合各种基因及非基因数据,使系统在数据和算法驱动下进行推理和学习,辅助临床医生及研究人员做出更为精准的相关决策。研究显示,人工智能在基因组学、肿瘤临床治疗、分子影像学等领域中显示了巨大的技术应用空间,但也面临着系统偏差、相关性限制、算法黑箱、不公平性等潜在挑战。只有从公平性、患者权利、透明度和可解释性,以及问责制等方面加强人工智能的治理,才能真正提高患者福利,促进人工智能与精准医疗的深度融合。

In recent years,the convergence of artificial intelligence(AI)and precision medicine(PM)is advancing a new revolution in the field of healthcare.Precision medicine approaches can use the complex computational techniques and algorithms of AI to combine a variety of genetic and non-genetic data,empowering the related system to reason and learn,and to assist clinicians or researchers to make more accurate medical decisions.The study shows that AI has great applicational potentials in the fields of precision diagnosis,precision prevention,and precision treatment,but also faces huge challenges such as data bias,accuracy,interpretability,and fairness,thus AI governance need to be strengthened in terms of patient rights,transparency,fairness,and accountability in order to truly improve patient welfare and facilitate the integration of AI and precision medicine.