基于空间思维教学环境艺术设计基础构成课程研究

Research on Basic Composition Course of Environmental Art Design Based on Spatial Thinking

经过艺考大关的一年级新生习惯了写实性绘画对客观世界的描摹和再现,入校后需要重塑他们的观察方式和认知标准,以适应环境艺术设计专业的要求。“构成”是一门源于德国包豪斯设计学院的基础课程,随着20世纪70年代末改革开放的开启,与西方其他先进学术思想和教育理念一起涌入内地,很快代替了图案,被多数设计院校当作专业设计学习的启蒙课程。为适应新时代的需要,在肯定“构成”作为设计基础课程积极作用的前提下,提出基于空间思维的构成教学理念。设计基础需体现专业特点,在环艺设计专业基础构成的教学中应关注于实体形态与环境存在的关系,重视结构的多种组合与变化,在材料使用的体验中提高个人对空间的感悟和创造力。

The freshmen who have passed the art examination are accustomed to the description and reproduction of realistic painting to the objective world.In order to adapt to the professional requirements of environmental art design,they need to reshape their observatory mode and cognitive standards when they are college students.Composition is a basic course originated from Bauhaus School of Design in Germany.With China’s reform and opening-up to the outside in the 1970s,this course,along with other advanced western academic and educational ideas,flooded into the mainland of China.It soon replaced the old teaching pattern and was used as the initiation course for professional design study in most art colleges.On the premise of affirming the positive role of composition as the basic course of design,this paper puts forward the concept of composition teaching based on spatial thinking to meet the needs of the new era.Design basis can reflect professional characteristics.In the teaching of basic composition of environmental art design,attention should be paid to the relationship between physical form and environmental existence.Furthermore,more attention is paid to a variety of combinations and changes of the structure,so as to improve personal perception and creativity of space in the experience of using materials.