近代南京城市绿地形态演变及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the Evolution of Urban Green Space Forms and the Influencing Factors in Nanjing in Modern Times

由政府主导的近代南京城市绿地建设始于清末,在民国时期发展迅速,具有一定特色,值得深入剖析。结合社会史、城市史研究方法,在由封建帝国晚期向近代都市化转变背景下,分析当时城市绿地空间形态变化特征及其演变内生动力。自清末至民国,规划和政策引导改变了城市绿地属性及形态。规划上受到定量空间标准与公园系统模式等西方规划思想的引导,城市绿地建设除了利用原有自然山水资源外,还有计划地开展了改建与新建城市绿地。由于受到城市人口增长、交通发展、私有土地收归国有等因素影响,城市绿地空间形态出现新类型,且绿地空间之间联结加强,同时具有绿地总量与空间分布变化较少、绿地类型转变较大的特点。

Urban green spaces construction dominated by government in Nanjing started at the end of the late Qing Dynasty,and owned certain features.Combined with social and urban history methods,this paper observes the changing features and the internal motivation of urban green space evolution through the transformation from the end of the imperial to the modern city.From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,the formulation of relevant plans and policies changed the attributes and forms of urban green spaces.Guided by Western planning ideas such as quantitative space standards and park system mode,urban green space construction utilized natural landscape resources,and at the same time,reconstruction and new construction were carried out in urban green space area.Influenced by a series of factors such as urban population growth,traffic development and private land ownership,there were new types coming out,and the connection between urban green spaces was strengthened.At the same time,the area and layout of urban green space changed a little,while the types of urban green space transformed a lot.