濮阳市新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情一级、二级响应期间其他法定传染病流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of other notifiable infectious diseases during the first-level and second-level response to COVID-19 pandemic in Puyang City

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情一级、二级响应期间,濮阳市除新冠肺炎以外的其他法定传染病(简称其他法定传染病)的流行特征变化。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集相关数据,采用描述流行病学对应急响应期间濮阳市其他法定传染病进行分析,并与2019年同期发病情况进行比较。结果一级响应期间报告的乙类(除新冠肺炎外)、丙类传染病较2019年同期分别下降74.39%、12.43%,二级响应期间分别下降28.26%、85.35%;应急响应期间报告的其他法定传染病病种病例数较2019年同期均有不同程度下降,下降幅度较大的病种有手足口病、猩红热、流行性感冒(流感)、流行性腮腺炎、病毒性肝炎、梅毒、肺结核。手足口病、流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎的季节性流行特征均有变化。结论新冠肺炎疫情应急响应期间濮阳市其他法定传染病的发病数明显减少,特别是丙类传染病发病数下降明显,提示所采取的防控措施有效,可为今后常态下的传染病防控工作提供借鉴。

Objective To understand the changes in the epidemic features of all other notifiable infectious diseases except COVID-19 during the first-level and second-level response to COVID-19 pandemic in Puyang City. Methods Related data were collected through the China information system for diseases control and prevention. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of other notifiable infectious diseases during the emergency response to COVID-19 in Puyang City, and then compared with the incidence data in the same period in 2019. Results Compared with the reported incidence of Class-B(expect COVID-19) and Class-C infectious diseases in the same period in 2019, those during the first-level response decreased by 74.39% and 12.43%, respectively, and those during the second-level response by 28.26% and 85.35%, respectively. The kinds and case number of other notifiable infectious diseases reported during the emergency response decreased to varying degrees as compared with those in the same period in 2019, and the diseases showing a larger decline in incidence included hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD), scarlet fever, influenza, viral hepatitis, syphilis and pulmonary tuberculosis. Seasonal epidemic characteristics of HFMD, influenza and mumps were changed. Conclusion The incidence of other notifiable infectious diseases during the emergency response to COVID-19 pandemic in Puyang City decreased obviously, especially in the incidence of Class-C infectious diseases, suggesting that the preventive and control measures adopted are effective, which can provide reference for normalized prevention and control of infectious diseases in future.