不同方法提取山桐子油的品质及体外抗氧化活性研究

Quality and Antioxidant Activity in Vitro of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.Oils Extracted by Different Methods

文章研究了压榨法、水酶法、有机溶剂浸提法提取山桐子油及对其品质的影响,结果表明,提取率分别为压榨法20.9%、水酶法20.54%、有机溶剂浸提法28.47%;浸提法的提取率最大,但耗时长,存在一定溶剂残留;水酶法过氧化值最低,但耗时长;压榨法不饱和脂肪酸高于水酶法及溶剂浸提法,且耗时短,操作简单。DPPH自由基清除能力大小顺序:水酶法>压榨法>溶剂浸提法,ABTS自由基清除能力大小顺序:水酶法>压榨法>溶剂浸提法,羟基自由基清除能力大小顺序:压榨法>溶剂浸提法>水酶法。水酶法的DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力最强,IC_(50)值分别为7.25,3.94 mg/mL;压榨法的羟基自由基清除能力最强,其IC_(50)值为1.82 mg/mL;通过GC分析,山桐子油不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为压榨法82.70%、水酶法82.56%、溶剂浸提法82.52%。综上所述,选取压榨法提取山桐子油。

The extraction of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.oils by pressing method,aqueous enzymatic method and organic solvent extraction method and their effects on the quality of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.oils are studied.The results show that the extraction rate is 20.9%by pressing method,20.54%by aqueous enzymatic method and 28.47%by organic solvent extraction method respectively;the extraction rate of extraction method is the highest,but it is time-consuming,there is some residual solvent;the aqueous enzymatic method has the lowest peroxidation value,but it is time-consuming;the content of unsaturated fatty acids of pressing method is higher than that of aqueous enzymatic method and organic solvent extraction method,and it takes shorter time and is easier to operate.The order of DPPH radical scavenging ability is aqueous enzymatic method>pressing method>organic solvent extraction method,the order of ABTS radical scavenging ability is aqueous enzymatic method>pressing method>organic solvent extraction method,the order of hydroxyl radical scavenging ability is pressing method>organic solvent extraction method>aqueous enzymatic method.The aqueous enzymatic method has the strongest scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS radicals,and the IC_(50) value is 7.25,3.94 mg/mL respectively.The pressing method has the strongest scavenging ability on hydroxyl radical,and the IC_(50) value is 1.82 mg/mL.By GC analysis,the content of unsaturated fatty acids in Idesia polycarpa Maxim.oils by pressing method,aqueous enzymatic method and organic solvent extraction method is 82.70%,82.56%and 82.52%respectively.Therefore,pressing method is the optimal extraction method of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.oils.