社会资本对农村户籍老年人健康的影响与性别差异研究

Study on the influence of social capital on the health of rural registered elderly and gender difference

[目的]了解不同类别社会资本(人际信任、社会支持、社会参与)对我国农村户籍老年人健康的影响及性别差异。[方法]基于2017-2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)数据对9068名60岁以上农村户籍老年人进行分析。[结果]社会参与(正式和非正式)和人际信任对农村户籍老年人健康状况的积极影响显著,有社会参与的农村户籍老年人健康状况差的可能性更低(OR_(非正式)=0.850,95%CI:0.741-0.960;OR_(正式)=0.794,95%CI:0.623-0.964),人际信任度高的农村户藉老年人健康状况差的可能性更低(OR=0.599,95%CI:0.486-0.713)。人际信任是影响男性和女性健康状况的共同因素,非正式社会参与对男性健康状况影响显著,但对女性健康状况影响差异不显著。[结论]人际信任与社会参与对农村户籍老年人健康状况有积极影响,但存在性别差异。在农村老年健康促进相关政策中应纳入对社会资本的考量,通过有效干预措施提升农村老年人健康有益的社会资本,保障并促进其身心健康。

Objective To understand the influence of different type of social capital(interpersonal trust,social support,and social participation)on the health of rural registered elderly and gender difference in China.Methods The study analyzed 9068 rural registered over 60 years old elderly based on data of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)from 2017 to 2018.Results Social participation(formal and informal)and interpersonal trust had had positive effect on the health status of rural registered elderly,those who had social participation showed low possibility of poor health(ORinformal=0.850,95%CI:0.741-0.960;OR_(formal)=0.794,95%CI:0.623-0.964),and those who had high interpersonal trust level showed low possibility of poor health(OR=0.599,95%CI:0.486-0.713).Interpersonal trust was the common influencing factor of health status in male and female.Informal social participation had significant influence on health status in male,but it was not in female.Conclusions Interpersonal trust and social participation have positive effects on health status in rural registered elderly,but there is gender difference.The future health promotion policies for rural registered elderly should take social capital into the consideration.Through some efficient interventions to improve advantageous social capital on the health of rural registered elderly so as to protect and promote the physical and mental health for rural registered elderly.