政府还是市场:国外高校多样化策略的争论与启示

Government or Market:The Debate and Enlightenment of the Foreign Diversification Strategy of Colleges and Universities

伴随系统规模的扩张,如何驱动高校迈向预定和有利的多样化成为各国面临的普遍议题。国外一般从高等教育系统或院校外部层面理解高校多样化,并从政府与市场两个维度解析其驱动因素。从院校分化的观念、分化进程中院校假设和环境因素的作用范畴等层面来看,两种观点存在一定共性和冲突,这反映出相关研究的片面和院校分化现象的动态化、持续性和多维性。借鉴国外研究经验,当前高等教育普及化进程要求高等教育部门尽早启动院校结构布局规划,应树立正确的分类发展观,平衡院校分化中政府与市场的作用力,处理好系统分化与规模扩张的关系,增进高校外部环境和内部办学要素的多样性。

With the expansion of higher education,it is a common issue faced by all countries to motivate diversification in higher education institutions.Researchers from other countries generally view the diversification of higher education institutions from an external perspective and attribute it to government intervention and market regulation.There are some similarities and conflicts between these two viewpoints about the concept and process of differentiation of higher education institutions,reflecting the weakness of the relevant research and the dynamic,persistent and complex features of institutional differentiation.Drawing on international studies,this paper puts forward the following suggestions to the structural layout planning of higher education in the current popularization process:to rationally understand classified higher education institutions,balance the forces of government and market in the differentiation of higher education institutions,deal with the relationship between systematic differentiation and scale expansion,and improve the diversity of higher education institutions'external environment and internal elements.