棉织物染整化学品污染物环境影响的评价

Environmental impact assessment of chemical pollutants in dyeing and finishing of cotton fabric

为评价棉纺织产品全生命周期内产生的化学品污染物的环境影响,基于模糊综合评价方法,综合考虑化学品污染物的排放量、毒性、生物富集和降解能力等4个评价因素,对棉织物染整阶段产生的19种化学品污染物进行环境影响评价。结果表明,棉织物染整阶段后整理工序产生的化学品污染物对环境的影响最大,其次为前处理工序和染色工序;染整阶段对环境影响最大的化学品污染物是双氢化牛脂基二甲基氯化铵,其次是氢氧化钠、分散黄3和八甲基环四硅氧烷;染整中使用的分散染料和柔软剂对环境的影响大于其他纺织化学品。

In order to evaluate the environmental impact of chemical pollutants produced in the life cycle of cotton textile products, the four evaluation factors of chemical pollutants, such as emission, toxicity, bioconcentration and degradation ability, were comprehensively considered using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Meantime, the environmental impact of 19 chemical pollutants produced in the dyeing and finishing stage of cotton fabric were evaluated. The results show that the finishing process of cotton fabric has the greatest environmental impact, followed by pretreatment process and dyeing process. The chemical pollutant with the greatest impact on the environment in the dyeing and finishing stage is dihydrogenatedtallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, followed by sodium hydroxide, Disperse Yellow 3 and octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane. Disperse dyes and softeners used in dyeing and finishing have a greater impact on the environment than other textile chemicals.