分歧与协调:佐藤内阁对联合国中国代表权问题的政策选择

Divergence and Coordination: Sato Cabinet’s Policy Choice on the Issue of China’s Representation in the United Nations

亲台反华的日本佐藤内阁在1971年联合国中国代表权问题上费尽心机,不仅是为台湾当局继存于联合国的“逆重要问题案”的始作俑者,甚至一度对美国将安理会席位交归中华人民共和国的主张持“保留意见”。但随着尼克松访华计划的公布,视日美关系为日本对外关系核心的佐藤内阁迅速调整政策,公开与美国政府在联合国图谋“两个中国”并存局面。佐藤内阁顽固追随美国在联合国中国代表权问题上的政策立场,不仅遭到日本国内要求调整对华关系的反对力量的猛烈攻击,同时也使执政的自民党在对华政策上的内部分歧越发难以调和,并最终导致佐藤内阁失去调整对华政策的历史契机。

Japan's Sato cabinet,which was pro-Taiwan and anti-China,racked their brain on the issue of China's representation in the United Nations in 1971.It was not only the initiator of the draft resolution of"important question variation"claiming that the Taiwan authorities continued to exist in the United Nations,but even once reserved their opinion on the United States'proposal to the restoration of New China's lawful seat in the United Nations.However,with the announcement of Richard Nixon's plan to visit China,Sato cabinet,which regarded Japan-US relations as the core of Japan's foreign relations,quickly adjusted its policies and openly plotted the"Two Chinas"in the United Nations with US government.Sato's cabinet stubbornly followed the policy position of the United States on the issue of China's representation in the United Nations,which was not only fiercely attacked by the opposition forces in Japan that demanding the adjustment of relations with China,but also made the internal differences of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party of Japan on China policy increasingly difficult to reconcile,and finally led to Sato's cabinet losing the historical opportunity to adjust China policy.