不同配比复合基质理化性质变化及对草莓子苗生长的影响

Effects of Different Composite Substrates With Changed Physicochemocal Properties on Growth of Strawberry Seedlings

以我国草莓主栽品种‘红颜’苗为试材,采用泥炭、椰糠和珍珠岩按照不同配比制成10种复合基质的方法,研究复合基质重要理化性质指标变化以及对草莓子苗生长指标的影响,以期筛选草莓育苗最优基质配方。结果表明:复合基质的pH、EC值、电导率、真密度、气孔率、空隙率、气相率、液相率、固相率、水固比和饱和度百分比等主要理化性质指标均显著性影响草莓子苗的生长。草莓子苗生长的复合基质pH范围为4.90~7.16,EC值范围为0.22~0.30 mS·cm^(-1),电导率范围为504~686μS·cm^(-1)。在草莓苗扦插后第30天,S9复合基质子苗的成活率81%,株高14.2 cm,新叶片数目4.6个,根长13.71 cm,根茎粗7.15 cm,新叶叶绿素含量40.17。进一步分析发现S9基质的pH为6.23,EC值为0.24 mS·cm^(-1),电导率为605μS·cm^(-1),基质真密度7.69 g·cm^(-1),气孔率为95.76%,空隙比22.62%,液相率63.20%,固相率4.23%,气相率32.56%,水固比14.92%。表明S9复合基质更适合草莓子苗繁育。

Taking strawberry main cultivar ‘Akihime’ seedlings as test material, 10 composite substrates with different ratios of peat, coir dust and perlite were designed to analyze the effects of different composite on the growth of strawberry seedlings, in order to accurately select the optimal substrate for improving the quality of strawberry seedlings.The results showed that the pH of composite substrates used for strawberry seedling growth ranged from 4.90-7.16,EC value ranged from 0.22 mS·cm^(-1)to 0.30 mS·cm^(-1),and conductivity ranged from 504 μS·cm^(-1)to 686 μS·cm^(-1).Compared with other treatments, the growth indexes of strawberry seedlings treated with S9 were better, including survival rate of 81%,plant height of 14.2 cm, number of new leaves 4.6,root length of 13.71 cm, rhizome diameter of 7.15 cm, and new leaves chlorophyll content of 40.17 on the 30;day after seedling cutting.Meanwhile, the physicochemocal properties of S9 composite substrate were analyzed as follow: the pH was 6.23,the EC value was 0.24 mS·cm^(-1),the conductivity was 605 μS·cm^(-1),the true density was 95.76 g·cm^(-1),the porosity was 7.69%,the void ratio was 22.62%,the liquid phase ratio was 63.20%,the solid phase ratio was 4.23%,the gas phase ratio was 32.56%,and the water-solid ratio was 14.92%.In conclusion, it was recommended that the composite substrate of S9 was more suitable for the growth of strawberry seedling in container.