中药渣堆肥中拮抗真菌的筛选、鉴定

Screening, Identification and Application of Antagonistic Fungi in Sophora flavescens Dregs

以发酵后的中药渣为试材,采用稀释涂布平板法进行初筛,通过平板对峙法进行复筛,研究了具有拮抗特性真菌的形态学特征、生理生化特征、18S rDNA分子生物学特征,并检验了拮抗真菌对立枯丝核菌的抑制能力,以期资源化利用中药渣中有生防作用的菌种资源。结果表明:从中药渣中得到了7株对立枯丝核菌有抑制作用的拮抗真菌,F-1为柠檬青霉,F-2为黄曲霉,F-3为塔拉木霉菌,F-4为棘曲霉,F-5为深褐娭姆斯菌,F-6为烟曲霉,F-7为Albifimbria viridis。其中,F-3可产IAA;F-7可以解有机磷。

Taking the fermented traditional Chinese medicine dregs as test material,the dilution coating plate method was used for primary screening,and then the plate confrontation method was used for re-screening.The morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and 18 S rDNA molecular biological characteristics of fungi with antagonistic properties were studied.The inhibitory ability of the antagonistic fungi against Rhizoctonia solani was also tested,in order to utilize the resources of the biocontrol bacteria in the residues of traditional Chinese medicines.The results showed that seven antagonistic fungi with inhibitory effect on Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from the dregs of traditional Chinese medicine,F-1 was determined to be Penicillium citrinum,F-2 was Aspergillus flavus,F-3 was Talaromyces columbinus,F-4 was Aspergillus spinulosporus,F-5 was Amesia atrobrunnea,F-6 was Aspergillus fumigatus,F-7 was Albifimbria viridis.