“双一流”建设中的政府与大学关系协调:基于资源依赖视角的分析

Coordinating the Relationship between Government and University in the Construction of“Double World-Class”:An Analysis from the Perspective of Resource Dependence

作为我国重点大学建设政策的延续,“双一流”建设过程中的政府干预行为较为明显,因此如何协调政府与大学之间的关系是“双一流”建设过程中无法回避的重要问题。从资源依赖理论视角来看,“双一流”建设中政府与大学之间存在资源依赖关系,并且是一种非对称资源依赖关系,具体表现为:大学对政府的资源依赖属于索求性依赖,而政府对大学的资源依赖属于选择性依赖;大学使用政府资源的自主性远低于政府使用大学资源的自主性。这种政府与大学之间的非对称资源依赖关系妨碍了大学自主发展能力的提升,造成了大学的同质化发展甚至引发了大学之间的不正当竞争。通过借鉴资源依赖理论相关内容,可从构建契约型合作关系、确保大学外部资源渠道多样化、组建大学联盟和重视大学特色发展四个方面,探索“双一流”建设中政府与大学非对称资源依赖关系的协调路径。

As a continuation of China’s key university construction policy,government intervention is obvious in the process of“Double World-Class”construction.Therefore,how to coordinate the relationship between the government and universities is an important issue that cannot be avoided in the process of the construction.From the perspective of resource dependence theory,there is a resource dependence relationship between the government and universities in the construction of“Double World-Class”,and it is an asymmetric resource dependence relationship,which shows that:universities’resource dependence on the government is demand dependence,while the government’s resource dependence on the universities is selective dependence.The autonomy of universities in their use of government resources is much lower than that of governments.The asymmetric resource dependence relationship between the government and the universities hinders the improvement of the independent development ability of the universities,which leads to the homogenized development of the universities and even leads to the unfair competition among the universities.By referring to the relevant content of resource dependence theory,this paper explores the coordination path of asymmetric resource dependence between the government and universities in the construction of“Double World-Class”from four aspects:building contractual cooperative relationship,ensuring the diversification of external resource channels of universities,establishing university alliances and paying attention to the characteristic development of universities.