犬用配方羊奶粉对比格幼犬生长性能和肠道菌群的影响

Effects of goat milk formula on the growth performance and intestinal health of beagle puppies

为了探究配方羊奶粉对比格幼犬生长性能与肠道菌群的影响,选取12只15日龄比格犬,随机分为对照组和羊奶粉组,每组6只,对照组幼犬由母犬母乳喂养,羊奶粉组幼犬饲喂足量配方羊奶粉,每3 d测量体重并计算体重增长,18 d后采集血样进行血常规、血清生化、免疫因子指标检测,采集粪样进行肠道菌群测序。结果显示:相比于对照组,羊奶粉组幼犬体重显著增高(P<0.05),红细胞数、血红蛋白量、红细胞压积、嗜碱性粒细胞数和无机磷显著增高(P<0.05),血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、钙(Ca)极显著增高(P<0.01),血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著增高(P<0.05)。肠道菌群测序结果显示,在门水平上,羊奶粉组幼犬肠道菌群中拟杆菌门极显著增加(P<0.01),拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门比值极显著上升(P<0.01)。属水平上,羊奶粉组幼犬的链球菌属(Streptococcus)相对丰度显著增高(P<0.05),梭菌属(Clostridium)相对丰度极显著增高(P<0.01)。种水平上羊奶粉组的巴黎链球菌(Streptococcus lutetiensis)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);死亡梭杆菌(Fusobacterium mortiferum)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)、犬大肠梭菌(Clostridium colicanis)相对丰度极显著提高(P<0.01);食窦魏斯氏菌(Weissella cibaria)、粪便普雷沃氏菌(Prevotella copri)相对丰度极显著降低(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,配方羊奶粉可显著促进幼犬生长,提高其血液运输氧能力,增强免疫力,影响群结构,具有良好的应用前景。

In order to explore the effect of formula goat milk powder on the growth performance and intestinal health of the puppies, 12 15-day-old beagle dogs were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a formula goat milk powder group, with 6 puppies in each group. The control puppies were fed with female dog breast milk, the puppies of the formula goat milk powder group were fed with sufficient formula goat milk powder. Then, the weight of the puppies was measured every 3 days and their weight gain was calculated. 18 days later, blood samples were collected from the puppies for blood routine, serum biochemical and immune factor index tests;and fecal samples were collected from the young dogs for intestinal bacteria group sequencing. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the weight of the puppies in the formula goat milk powder group was significantly higher(P<0.05), the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content, blood calcium, and inorganic phosphorus in their blood were significantly increased(P<0.05), their serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) content was significantly increased(P<0.05). The intestinal flora sequencing results showed that at the phylum level, the ratio of Bacteroides to Firmicutes in the intestinal flora of puppies in the formula goat milk powder group increased significantly(P<0.01). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Streptococcus of the puppies in the formula goat milk powder group was significantly increased(P<0.05);and their relative abundance of anaerobic Clostridium was significantly increased(P<0.01), too. At the species level, the relative abundance of Streptococcus lutetiensis in the formula goat milk powder group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Fusobacterium mortiferum in them was significantly decreased(P<0.05);their relative abundance of Clostridium colicanis and Clostridium perfringens was significantly increased( P< 0. 01);but their relative abundance of Weissella cibaria and Prevotella copri were significantly reduced( P <0. 01). The above results indicated that formula goat milk powder significantly promoted the growth of puppies,improved their blood oxygen transport capacity,enhanced their immunity,affect their flora structure,and had good application prospect.