钨球对高硬度钢斜侵彻效应

Oblique penetration effect of a tungsten ball on high hardness steel

为研究高硬度钢板抗不同着角钨球的侵彻性能及破坏模式,通过弹道枪进行了∅8 mm、∅11 mm钨合金球形破片以0°、20°、40°着角撞击厚度为6 mm、8 mm的高硬度钢板试验,得到了极限贯穿速度v_(50);分析了钨球轴向径向变形及靶板失效模式与撞击速度的关系,发现高硬度钢板失效模式主要为压缩开坑破坏和沿厚度方向剪切破坏。采用有限元方法对试验进行了模拟,验证了数值模型及参数的合理性,并运用数值模拟方法研究了撞击着角对靶板吸能模式影响,结合试验数据,修正已有极限贯穿速度计算公式。结果表明:随侵彻着角增大,极限贯穿速度提高,且着角越大,极限贯穿速度增长越快;随着角增大,靶板吸能模式逐渐由压缩开坑向剪切冲塞过渡,且着角大于50°时,剪切冲塞耗能将超过压缩开坑耗能;修正后极限贯穿速度计算公式适用范围更广、精度更高,具有较好工程应用价值。

In order to study the penetration performance and failure modes of high-hardness steel plates against tungsten balls with different angles,a ballistic gun was used to carry out 8 mm,11 mm tungsten alloy spherical fragments at 0°,20°,40°angles to impact the thickness of 6 mm,8 mm.In the hardness steel plate test,the limit penetration velocity(v_(50))of the fragments impacting the steel plate was obtained;the relationships between the axial and radial deformation of the tungsten ball after the impact and the failure mode of the target plate and the impact velocity were analyzed.It is found that the failure mode of the high hardness steel plate is mainly the compression opening.For the pit failure and shear failure along the thickness direction,the shear fracture increases as the angle increases.The experiment was simulated by the method of finite element simulation.The simulation results were compared with the test results.The damage morphology of the target plate and the limit penetration velocity were in good agreement.The validity of the numerical simulation model and parameters was verified,and the numerical simulation method was used.The influence of the impact angle on the energy absorption mode of the target plate was studied,and the existing calculation formula of the limit penetration velocity was revised based on the experimental data.The results show that as the penetration angle increases,the limit penetration velocity increases,and the larger the penetration angle,the faster the limit penetration velocity increases;the revised limit penetration velocity calculation formula has a wider application range and higher accuracy,and has better engineering applications.As the angle increases,the energy absorption mode of the target plate gradually changes from compression opening to shearing plugging,and when the angle exceeds 50°,the energy consumption of shearing plugging will exceed the energy consumption of compression opening.