含德与风教:萧统推崇陶渊明之文化因由探析

Xiao Tong’s Praise and Advocation of Tao Yuanming’s Thought on “Inherent Morality” and “Civilizing Education”

东晋以迄隋唐,陶渊明在文坛颇受冷遇,唯萧统对其颇为推崇,究其原因,则在于作为储君之萧统欲借陶渊明之德行"风教"之举。细论之,萧统对陶渊明推重之文化因由主要表现在三个层面。首先,由《昭明文选》择陶诗文可见萧统之文学思想与主张。其次,《陶渊明传》增补部分反映了萧统"危行言孙""父慈子孝"的儒家思想。最后,《陶渊明集序》主旨并非道家而是"含德"。萧统的《陶渊明传》《陶渊明集序》隐含着一位储君对未来执政的思考,反映了其对陶渊明"贤者之隐"身份的接受与认可。

From Eastern Jin Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasties, Poet Tao Yuanming was treated rather indifferently by the literary world. Xiao Tong was the only one to praise Tao Yuanming, because Xiao Tong, as heir to the throne,wanted to civilize society through Yuanming’s virtue. Specifically, Xiao Tong’s acceptance of Tao Yuanming is mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly, Xiao Tong’s literary thought and proposition can be seen from the selection of Tao’s poems in Selections of Refined Literature. Secondly, the supplementary part of Tao Zhuan reflects Xiao Tong’s Confucian thought of "Act with integrity but speak with humility" and "father’s kindness and son’s filial piety".Thirdly, the theme of Tao Xu is not Taoism, but "inherent virtue". Xiao Tong’s Tao Zhuan and Tao Xu implied a crown prince’s thinking about the future governance, reflecting his acceptance and recognition of Tao Yuanming’s identity of"sage who live in seclusion".