颈动脉超声筛查在颈动脉狭窄与脑卒中高危人群中的应用价值评价

Evaluation of the Application Value of Carotid Ultrasound Screening in High Risk Population of Carotid Artery Stenosis and Stroke

目的:讨论颈动脉超声筛查在颈动脉狭窄与脑卒中高危人群中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年6月~2020年12月150例脑卒中高危人群患者作为实验组,同期健康体检者150例作为对照组,对两组患者行颈动脉超声检查,采用Logistic回归分析脑卒中形成危险因素。结果:实验组吸烟史、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、下肢动脉疾病的比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05);独立危险因素为:下肢动脉疾病、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病。实验组的颈总动脉左侧内径(t=373.78,P=0.00)、右侧内径(t=23.76,P=0.00)、颈内动脉颅外段左侧内径(t=11.51,P=0.00)、右侧内径(t=72.39,P=0.00)均窄于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:下肢动脉疾病、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病均是脑卒中的独立危险因素,采用颈动脉超声诊断不仅能够帮助临床医生了解患者血管的狭窄程度,还可显示患者动脉粥样硬化斑块的性质,为临床诊断与治疗提供有利的参考依据。

Objective:To discuss the application value of carotid ultrasound screening in patients with high risk of carotid artery stenosis and stroke.Methods:A total of 150 patients with high risk of stroke from June 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the experimental group,and 150 healthy subjects during the same period were selected as the control group.Carotid artery ultrasound was performed on the two groups of patients,and risk factors of stroke formation were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:The proportion of smoking history,hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,and lower limb artery disease in the observed group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);The independent risk factors were lower limb artery disease,smoking history,hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease.The left inner diameter(t=373.78,P=0.00),right inner diameter(t=23.76,P=0.00),left inner diameter(t=11.51,P=0.00)and right inner diameter(t=72.39,P=0.00)of the common carotid artery in the experimental group were narrower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Lower limb artery diseases,smoking history,hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease(CHD)are the independent risk factors of cerebral apoplexy,using carotid ultrasound diagnosis can not only help clinical medical understanding of patients with vascular stenosis degree,can also according to the nature of atherosclerosis in patients with plates,provide favorable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.