OECD国家高职层次院校生均经费变动情况和影响因素分析——基于1997—2017年数据的实证研究

Analysis on the Changes and Influencing Factors of Annual Expenditure Per Student in Higher Vocational Colleges in OECD Countries:An Empirical Research Based on Data from 1997 to 2017

对1997—2017年间OECD成员国高职层次院校生均经费的变动情况进行理论分析,发现其主要影响因素为该国人口构成形态、青年就业状况、当前经济发展水平等。而后以棘轮效应理论为分析框架进行数理统计,取得如下基本研究结论:影响生均经费的主要因素是一国上年度此项的生均投入和人均国内生产总值;生均经费总体随人均国内生产总值的增加而逐渐增长;人均国内生产总值为1~2万美元时,高职层次院校生均经费的涨幅大体高于同期本科高校经费涨幅,也整体高于当年人均国内生产总值增长率。

It is found that mainly influencing factors are demographic characteristics of one country, the youth unemployment and current economic development level etc., with theoretical description of changed situations on the expenditure among OECD countries from 1997 to 2017. Moreover, taking ratcheting effect as theoretical basis, essential factors are the outlay per student of previous year and GDP per capita by statistical analyzed. Then, the cultivating fund for one student gradually rises with economic growth as a whole. Finally, when GDP per head is between $ 10,000 and $ 20,000, growth rate of the spending for each student is in general higher than that of universities and is wholly higher than that of GDP per capita in the same year.