技术与产品的剥离:俄罗斯对转基因的抉择及启示

The Separation of Technology and Products:Russia's Choices of Transgenic Technology and Enlightenment

基于转基因的风险和不确定性以及俄罗斯资源丰富、地广人稀的国情,俄对转基因的需求一直不足。并且,俄国内和国际上反对转基因的市场存在为俄提供了一个生产与出口有机产品的商业机遇。总体上,俄罗斯政府对于转基因的态度经历了由宽松到严格的变化过程,对转基因的审查也越发严格。现在俄罗斯实现了技术与产品的剥离,转基因技术的研发仅仅停留在实验室阶段,转基因产品的商业化应用和进口被禁止。面对转基因技术俄罗斯选择了在保留其科学发展的同时最大限度地保障食品安全和环境安全,这对中国转基因的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。

Russia’s demand for transgenic technology has been insufficient owing to the risks and uncertainties of the technology as well as the country’s abundant resources,vast land and low density of population.In addition,domestic and international anti-transgenic markets are offering the country commercial opportunities for producing and exporting organic products.Being slack at beginning,Russia’s policies towards transgenic technology and the regulation thereon have become increasingly stringent.Nowadays the technology and products are fully separated in Russia as the commercialization and importation of transgenic technology have been prohibited while the research and development thereof are limited to laboratories.Russia’s modus operandi has referential significance for China as the country chose to prioritize food safety and environmental preservation while promoting the development of transgenic technology.