韩国《个人信息保护法》的最新修正及其对我国之启示

The Latest Amendment of Personal Information Protection Law of South Korea and Its Enlightenment to China

基于提升对核心资源数据的利用活性化,发展新产业等目的,韩国立法机关在2020年对《个人信息保护法》进行了幅度最大且最具有现实意义的一次修正。此次新增“假名信息”的概念并明确其具体的含义,否认需要耗费极多时间和费用、运用超前技术才能被识别的信息属于个人信息。与此同时,还扩大了“知情同意原则”的例外情形,认为只要与收集信息的目的合理关联,在满足一定条件的前提下可以不经信息主体的同意利用或者向第三者提供个人信息。若是出于统计、科学研究、公益记录保存等目的,亦可无须信息主体的同意对个人信息进行假名处理。这些修正内容为今后《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》的进一步完善提供了诸多有价值的启发,可以积极地予以借鉴。具体而言,应当在《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》中肯定匿名化信息的相对性,确立目的相关联原则以及合理框定不适用“知情同意原则”的情形。

Based on the purpose of promoting the use of core resource data and developing new industries,South Korea's legislature made the most significant and practical amendment to the personal information protection law in 2020.In this revision,the new concept of“pseudonym information”has been added and its specific meaning has been clarified;it is denied that the information that takes a lot of time and money to identify,or only can be identified by using advanced technology,belongs to personal information.At the same time,the exception of“the principle of informed consent”has been expanded,which allows that as long as it is reasonably related to the purpose of information collection,personal information can be used or provided to a third party without the consent of the information subject under certain conditions.For the purposes of statistics,scientific research,public welfare records preservation,etc.,personal information can be processed under pseudonym without the consent of the information subject.These amendments provide a lot of valuable inspiration for Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China,which can be used for reference.Specifically,the relativity of anonymized information should be defined in the personal information protection law of China,the principle of purpose relevance should be established,and the situation that the principle of informed consent is not applicable should be reasonably defined.