政策工具视角下能源行业发展差异分析

Analysis of Development Differences of Energy Industry under the Perspective of Policy Tool

新冠疫情时代能源格局加速演进和重塑,能源技术及其关联产业成为经济新增长点。能源行业发展离不开政策的多维度引导和支持,政策分析可作为预判能源行业发展趋势的重要指标之一。因此,从政策视角入手,建立一套客观标准化的政策文本量化体系,结合政策目标、行政措施、引导措施、金融措施、财政措施五维度测算细分能源行业的政策支持度,分析能源行业发展差异。梳理2015年第一季度至2021年第三季度出台的能源政策文件进行实证研究,历史趋势对比结果显示,能源行业整体受政策支持度在“十三五”时期维持稳定,2020年后持续走高;行业间对比结果显示,当前可再生能源行业的政策工具侧重技术与资源扶持,传统能源行业的政策工具更侧重于引导行业高效运行。

In the era of COVID-19 epidemic,the evolution and remolding of energy pattern were accelerated,energy technology and its related industries became the new economic growth point.The development of energy industry can’t be separated from the multi-dimensional guidance and support of policy,and policy analysis can be used as one of the important indicators to predict the development trend of energy industry.Therefore,this research starts with the policy perspective,establishes an objective standardization policy text quantification system,based on the five dimensions of policy objective,administrative measures,guidance measures,financial measures and fiscal measures.In this paper,the policy support degree of subdivided energy industry was calculated and the development differences of energy industry were analyzed.Combing the energy policy documents issued from the first quarter of 2015 to the third quarter of 2015,the comparative results of historical trends show that:the overall policy support for the energy sector has remained stable during the 13th five-year plan period and has continued to rise after 2020.The results of the inter-industry comparison show that the current policy tools for the renewable energy sector focus on technical and resource support,while traditional energy industry policy tools are more focused on guiding the efficient operations of the industry.