应对气候变化与生物多样性保护的国际规则协同:演进、挑战与中国选择

International Rule Synergy between Climate Change and Biodiversity:Evolution,Challenges and China’s Options

应对气候变化和生物多样性保护乃是当前国际社会面临的两大紧迫任务,特别是随着全球对气候变化认识的不断深入,二者的关联性被越来越多地提及。然而,目前在其规则协同方面,它们却凸显出诸多滞后与不足,进而严重影响到应对气候变化和生物多样性保护的行动同步。是故,未来国际社会应在整体系统思维的基础上,充分利用碳中和共识的政治推动力,从法律上确立起相互支持原则,以期实现二者的规则协同。对中国而言,则应在碳达峰、碳中和1+N政策体系下充分考虑生物多样性因素,在肯定基于自然的气候解决办法的同时,亦应积极防范应对气候变化与生物多样性保护之间可能产生的规则冲突。

At present,addressing climate change and biodiversity conservation are two urgent tasks for the international society;especially with the deepening of the global response to climate change,their relationship becomes closer.However,there are some lags and deficiencies in rule synergy between climate change and biodiversity,which seriously affects climate change and biodiversity conservation actions.Therefore,in the future,in order to realize their rule synergies,the international society should think about system integration,make full use of political force of carbon neutrality consensus,build mutual support principle in international law.For China,biodiversity conservation should be considered under the carbon peak and carbon neutral 1+N policy system.Nature-base climate solutions should be affirmed.Rule conflicts between climate change and biodiversity conversation should be actively prevented.