《民法典》评注的技术特征与知识需求

The Technical Characteristics and Knowledge Requirements of Commentary on the Civil Code

《民法典》评注工作有助于提升中国民法学的教义化、科学化水平,整合民法学界的理论和实践资源,有助于建构中华民族的法律自信,同时构成与域外法学平等友好交往的中介。在“评注”的过程之中,要对法律文义、法律体系、立法目的、立法客观目的以及学理说明和经典案例等多种素材进行评论与注释,以注释带动评论、以评论推动注释。同时,在评注的体裁选择上,应当尊重官方与私人、理论界与实务界的评注成果,在其中适当地分配“评”与“注”的分量,更要强调学生教材和普法读物这种面向初学者和一般读者的“评注体裁”的创作。因此,作为一项任重而道远的工作,“民法典评注”需要法学知识共同体结合准体系化的法典、多样的审判经验与研究经验、一致性的法学方法论,最终实现民法学的教义化的“共同知识”理想。

Commentary on the Civil Code contributes to the improvement of the doctrinal and scientific level of China’s science of civil law,integrating the theoretical and practical resources in the academic of civil law;contributes to the construction of the legal confidence of the Chinese nation;at the same time,constitutes the intermediary of equal and friendly contacts with foreign law.In the process of“commentary”,it is necessary to“comment”and“annotate”on various materials such as“legal text”,“legal system”,“legislative purpose”,“objective purpose of legislation”,“theoretical explanation”and“classic cases”;to drives the“comment”with“annotation”and to promotes the“annotation”with the“comment”.At the same time,in selecting the genre of commentary,we should respect the achievements of official and private,theoretical and practical circles,allocate the weight of“comment”and“annotation”appropriately,and give more emphasis on the creation of“annotation genre”oriented to beginners and general readers,such as“student textbooks”and“reading materials for popularizing law”.Therefore,as a heavy work with a long way to go,“commentary on the Civil Code”requires the combination of“legal knowledge community”with the quasi-systematic code,diversified experience of trial and research,and consistent legal methodology,so as to finally realize the doctrinal ideal of“common knowledge”of the science of civil law.