皮日休、陆龟蒙学杜与“吴体”之谜

On Pi Rixiu’s and Lu Guimeng’s Imitation of Du Fu’s Poems and the Mystery of the Wu Style

杜甫所作《愁》诗,自注:“强戏为吴体。”当时及其后几无提及或效仿者。直到一百年后,皮日休、陆龟蒙方以“吴体”唱和。宋、元、明、清,作者代不乏人。而对何谓“吴体”,却众说纷纭,莫衷一是。值得注意的是,《册府元龟》将《梁书·吴均传》中的“吴均体”直书为“吴体”。文章详加考证,认为杜甫“吴体”即是对“吴均体”的改造创变,是“不拘声病,自创音节”的“七言拗律的一种特殊形式”。

Du Fu adds the note“a humble trial of Wu style”to his poem“Sorrow”.At that time and after that,few people mentioned or imitated it.It was not until a hundred year later imitations in the Wu style by Pi Rixiu and Lu Guimeng appeared.Since then,many poets made their imitations throught the Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties.But no consensus yet been reached in terms of the connotation of the Wu style.It is noteworthy that“Wujun style”in Liangshu Biography of Wujun was turned into“Wu style”in Cefuyuangui.The“Wu Style”is,as textual research reveals,a modification of the“Wujun Style”and a“special form of the seven-character rhyme”as a“creative betrayal to the traditional rhyme”.