国家公园对不同类型林业职工家庭生计与收入结构的影响研究——以东北虎豹国家公园为例

Impact of National Parks on Livelihood and Income Structure of Different Types of Forestry Workers’ Family:A Case Study of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park

基于家庭结构的视角,利用东北虎豹国家公园范围内全部7个森工林业局以及范围外周边的7个森工林业局385户林业职工家庭的微观调研数据,探析东北虎豹国家公园的建立对不同家庭结构林业职工家庭的收入表现的影响。结果表明:东北虎豹国家公园的建立对林业职工家庭生计的作用受到家庭结构的影响;东北虎豹国家公园范围内森工林业局的职工家庭其他各项收入均低于东北虎豹国家公园范围外森工林业局的职工家庭;东北虎豹国家公园的建立对收入的影响更多的体现在收入结构上,而不是总收入水平上。鉴于此,建议林业职工积极转变,利用东北虎豹国家公园优势,合理发展非农林生产经营活动,东北虎豹国家公园管理局通过发展旅游产业、提供职业技能培训维护林业职工家庭生计稳定和发展。

Based on the perspective of family structure,the micro-survey data of all 7 state-owned forestry bureaus within the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park and 7 state-owned forestry bureaus outside the park and 385 forestry workers’ families were used. This paper explored the impact of the establishment of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park on the income performance of forestry workers of different family structures.The results showed that the effect of the establishment of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park on the livelihood of forestry workers’ families was affected by the family structure.Other incomes of the forestry workers within the scope of the Notheast Tiger and Leopard National Park were lower that those outside.The establishment of the park affected the income which was reflected in their income structure,but not in the level of total income.Therefore,this paper put forward the suggestions that forestry workers should actively change and rationally develop non-agriculture and forestry production and management activities by taking the advantages of the park.The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park administration maintains the stability and development of the livelihood of forestry workers’ families by developing tourism industry and providing vocational skills training.