前景理论视角下不同类型农户的宅基地退出行为决策研究

Decision-Making of Different Types of Farmers’ Homestead Exit Behavior from the Perspective of Prospect Theory

由于宅基地退出涉及利益的复杂性和未来的高度不确定性,农户在宅基地退出决策过程中存在诸多非理性现象。以前景理论为分析依据,将农户分为务农型农户、半工半农型农户和务工型农户三类,通过模型构建和案例分析的方法针对后两类农户宅基地退出行为决策过程进行研究。结果表明:不同类型的农户具有不同的参照依据和风险偏好,后两类农户都倾向于不退出宅基地。半工半农型农户不退出宅基地的主要原因是规避非农化生产的损失,而务工型农户不退出宅基地的主要原因是不在乎宅基地退出的货币补偿。基于此,建议提升农户职业素养,完善社会保障体系,构建差异化退出模式满足不同类型农户差异化的需求。

As the interests involved in the withdrawal of homesteads are complex and will grow more uncertain in the future,there are many irrational phenomena in the decision-making process of homesteads withdrawal.Based on the prospect theory,this paper divided farmers into three types:farmers engaged in agriculture,part-time farmers,and farmers engaged in industrial or engineering work.The research was conducted on the decision-making process of the latter two types’ homestead withdrawal behavior through model construction and case analysis.The results show that different types of farmers have different reference basis and risk preferences,and that latter two types tend not to withdraw from the homestead.The part-time farmers do not withdraw from their homesteads because they hope to avoid the loss of non-agricultural production.The reason why farmers engaged in industrial or engineering work do not withdraw from their homesteads is that they do not care about the monetary compensation.Based on the above conclusions,three suggestions are given.One is to improve farmers’ professionalism and reduce the risk of non-agricultural production;the second is to improve the social security system to alleviate farmers’ worries;the third is to build a differentiated exit model to meet the needs of farmers of different types.