代谢重编程介导肿瘤微环境免疫抑制的研究评述

Research advances in immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment induced by metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells

近十年免疫疗法在肿瘤的治疗中取得了突破性进展,导致肿瘤治疗的范式转变。然而大多数患者并不能从中获益,如何提高患者免疫治疗的应答率是亟待解决的热点问题。免疫疗法的成功有赖于机体免疫效应细胞的活化及杀伤效应。然而,在肿瘤微环境严苛的代谢和营养应激下,免疫细胞的功能常处于紊乱状态,导致抗肿瘤免疫应答受损。因此,通过靶向肿瘤代谢重塑免疫微环境,恢复抗肿瘤免疫应答,有望在与免疫疗法的联合应用中取得协同效应。本文着重探讨代谢重编程及其代谢产物如何调节抗肿瘤免疫应答,旨在为肿瘤免疫治疗提供新的思路和方法。

Over the past decades,immunotherapy has led to breakthroughs in tumor treatment,which has led to a paradigm shift in tumor treatment.However,most patients cannot benefit from immunotherapy.Improving the response rate of patients to immunotherapy is a critical issue that needs to be solved urgently.The success of immunotherapy depends on the activation and killing effect of immune effector cells.However,under the severe metabolic and nutritional stress of the tumor microenvironment(TME),the function of immune cells is often disrupted,resulting in an inadequate anti-tumor immune response.Thus,targeting tumor metabolism can modulate the immune microenvironment and restore the anti-tumor immune response,which is expected to achieve a synergistic effect with the application of immunotherapy.This review focuses on how metabolic reprogramming and related metabolites regulate the anti-tumor immune response,aiming to provide new strategies for tumor immunotherapy.