从增负到增力:“双减”政策下家庭教育在儿童知识教育中的功能转变

From Increasing Burden to Increasing Strength:The Role of Family Education in Children's Knowledge Education under the"Double Reduction"Policy

知识教育是促进儿童身心发展的重要途径之一。在传统“苦学”学习观影响下,家庭教育在儿童知识教育中存在严重偏差:片面增加儿童课后练习、让儿童接受各种课后辅导与培训,试图通过单方面的时间与精力投入,提高儿童的学习成绩。单一的增负方式影响了儿童身心健康,阻碍儿童全面发展,不利于儿童终身学习。“双减”政策提倡“巧学”学习观,意在为创新型人才培养保教护航。因此,家庭要从细处入手,帮助儿童养成良好学习习惯;关注元认知,帮助儿童提高学习能力;以身作则,给儿童营造良好学习环境,以此实现家庭教育在儿童知识教育中的功能转变。

Knowledge education is one of the important ways to promote children's physical and mental development.Influenced by the traditional"studying hard"learning concept,family education has serious deviations in children's knowledge education:unilaterally increasing children's after-school practice,arranging children for various after-school counseling and training,and trying to improve children's academic performance through unilateral time and energy investment.A unilateral way of increasing burden negatively affects children's physical and mental health,hinders children's all-round development,which is not conducive to children's lifelong learning.The"double reduction"policy advocates the learning concept of"skillful learning",which is intended to protect education and escort the cultivation of innovative talents.Therefore,families should start with details to help children develop good learning habits;pay attention to metacognition and help children improve their learning ability;set an example and create a good learning environment for children,so as to realize the functional transformation of family education in children's knowledge education.