基于知信行模式的运动宣教对透析患者低血压的影响

Effects of exercise health education on hypotension of patients in dialysis based on the model of knowledge,belief and action

目的探讨基于知信行模式的运动宣教对维持性血液透析患者透析中低血压、运动知识、运动自我效能和运动依从性的影响。方法选择2020年1~10月在血透中心行维持行血液透析者94例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(46例)和干预组(48例),对照组采用常规运动宣教法,干预组借助知信行模式开展运动宣教,比较2组患者干预前、后透析中运动知识、运动自我效能和运动依从性以及透析低血压发生的情况。结果干预后,干预组透析中频繁发生低血压的人数显著减少,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组患者运动知识、自我效能感、依从性均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于知信行模式的透析中运动宣教可提高患者透析中运动知识、自我效能及运动依从性,减少透析中低血压的发生频率,间接缓解临床护理工作负担。

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise health education based on the model of knowledge,belief and action on the hypotension,exercise self-efficacy,exercise knowledge level,exercise self efficacy and exercise compliance of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methods A total of 94 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital from January 2020 to October 2020 were enrolled in the study,who were randomly divided into control group(n=46)and observation group(n=48).The patients in control group were given routine health education,however,the patients observation group were given exercise health education based on the model of knowledge,belief and action.The sports knowledge,exercise self-efficacy,and exercise compliance as well as the incidence of hypotension were observed and compared between thet wog roups.Results After intervention,the incidence rate of hypotension in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and the scores of exercise knowledge,exercise self-efficacy,exercise behavior and exercise compliance in observation group were superior to those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The health education mode based on knowledge,belief and behavior can improve the exercise knowledge,exercise self-efficacy and exercise compliance of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis,and decreased the incidence rate of hypotension,so as to decrease indirectly the workload of nursing work.