产妇及家属对新生儿抚触认识状况的调查

Investigation of maternal and family members’cognition for neonatal touch and the effects of touch on neonatal physiologic jaundice

目的为了解产妇及家属对新生儿抚触认知情况及抚触护理对新生儿生理性黄疸的治疗作用。方法采用新生儿抚触认知调查表对601例孕产妇及家属进行基线调查分析。通过抚触护理干预研究其对新生儿生理性黄疸的影响,随机选取2020年4月和5月出生伴有生理性黄疸的新生儿各80例作为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予增加抚触护理干预。观察2组新生儿胎粪排除、血清总胆红素水平及黄疸消退情况。结果601例产妇及家属中对抚触没听说过224例(37.2%)、了解和非常了解53例(8.82%)。新生儿抚触认识情况与产妇及家属的学历差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是不同居住地间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);被调查者对抚触的好处及重要性普遍认知不足,对抚触知识的需求大,且居住在城市和高学历者的需求更高。观察组通过给予抚触护理干预,新生儿首次胎粪排出时间早、重量多、大便转黄时间短、血总胆红素平均值低、黄疸消退更早,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿抚触护理可以有效缓解新生儿生理性黄疸,对新生儿健康十分有益。但目前产妇及家属对新生儿抚触知识及重要性认知普遍欠缺,值得在临床医护工作中推广应用。

Objective To investigate the cognition status of the puerpera and their family members for the touch on neonates and the effects of touch nursing on the neonatal physiologic jaundice.Methods A baseline survey was performed for 300 pregnant women and their family members by using the newborns touch cognition questionnaire.The effects of touch nursing intervention on neonatal physiologic jaundice were.A total of 80 neonates with physiologic jaundice who were born in our hospital from April 2020 to May 2020 were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 80 cases in each group.The neonates in control group were given routine nursing,however,those in observation group,on the basis of control group,were given touch nursing intervention.The meconium elimination status,serum total bilirubin level and jaundice subsidence status were observed and compared between the two groups.Results Of the 300 parturients and their family members,224(37.2%)had never heard of neonatal touch,53(8.82%)knew it and knew it very well.There was no significant difference in between the cognition of newborn’s touch and the educational background of pareras and their family members(P>0.05),however,there was significant difference in different places of residence(P<0.05).The subjects generally had insufficient awareness of the benefits and importance of touch,and had a great need for touch knowledge,especially for the subjects who lived in cities and were highly educated.Moreover the neonatal first meconium discharge time,the weight of meconium,the stool turned yellow time,the mean value of total blood bilirubin,and jaundice subsidise time in observation group were superior to those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Neonatal touch nursing can effectively relieve neonatal physiologic jaundice,which is beneficial to neonatal health.However,at present,puerpera and their family members generally lack knowledge and awareness about the importance of newborn touch,which is worthy of application and promotion in clinical practice.