简易肺活量计在方舱医院新冠肺炎患者中的应用实践

Application of simple vital capacity meter in novel coronavirus pneumonia patients in mobile cabin hospital

目的检测方舱医院轻型、普通型新冠肺炎患者肺功能,分析其在病情评估及预后判断中的其临床价值。方法2020年2月武汉国博汉阳方舱医院收治的196例普通型新冠肺炎患者作为研究对象,按预后分为出院组与加重转院组,按年龄分层为20~40岁、41~60岁、>60岁年龄段,使用广州红象医疗科技有限公司生产的简易肺活量计检测FEV1(第一秒用力肺活量)、FVC(用力肺活量)、PEF(呼气峰值流速)。结果20~40岁、41~60岁、>60岁按年龄分层,转院率分别为7.31%、21.21%、35.71%,组间比较P<0.05,随着年龄增长,病情加重后转院治疗概率越大;肺功能检测提示女性患者>60岁年龄段出院组、转院组PEF比较P=0.003,差异有统计学意义;其余相同年龄段、同性别各肺功能指标比较,无显著统计学意义(P>0.05),但除男性41~60岁年龄段FVC外,均数比较转院组均低于出院组。结论方舱医院轻型、普通型新冠肺炎患者存在不同程度的肺功能损害;中老年患者病情恶化加重可能性更大,需要临床重点关注;需要对康复期患者肺功能长期随访。

Objective To test the lung function of patients with mild、common form novel coronavirus pneumonia in mobile cabin hospital,and analyze its clinical value in disease evaluation and prognosis judgment.Methods 196 cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia patients which were admitted in Wuhan Guobo Hanyang mobile cabin hospital were included into this research.They were divided into two groups according to their prognosis,and were divided into three age groups:20~40 years old,41~60 years old,and>60 years old.FEV1,FVC and PEF were detected by simple spirometer produced by Guangzhou Red Elephant Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.Results The transfer rates of three age groups were 7.31%,21.21%and 35.71%,the difference between groups was P<0.05.With the increase of age,the probability of transfer to hospital increased.The lung function test showed that the PEF of female patients>60 years old,transfer to hospital group and Discharge from hospital groups were significant difference,that P value was 0.003.There was no significant difference in other pulmonary function indexes of the same age group and the same sex(P>0.05),but except for the male 40~60 year old's FVC,the mean in the transfer group was lower than that in the discharge group.Conclusion Mild and ordinary COVID-19 patients in mobile cabin hospital have different degrees of pulmonary function damage;middle-aged and elderly patients are more likely to worsen,which need clinical attention;long-term follow-up of pulmonary function of convalescent patients is needed.