地中海饮食对2型糖尿病患者血糖水平影响的Meta分析

Effect of Mediterranean diet on blood glucose level in T2DM patients:a Meta analysis

目的评价地中海饮食对2型糖尿病患者血糖水平的影响,为糖尿病的预防和管理提供依据。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库和Pubmed、Embase、Web of science、Cochrane library数据库(自建库至2020年12月)中关于地中海饮食对糖尿病患者血糖影响的随机对照试验。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入9篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,地中海饮食可以显著降低2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖[WMD=-0.66,95%CI(-0.95,-0.36),P<0.01]、餐后2 h血糖[WMD=-1.15,95%CI(-2.20,-0.09),P=0.03]和糖化血红蛋白[WMD=-0.28,95%CI(-0.41,-0.15),P<0.01]水平。亚组分析结果显示,6个月≤干预时间<12个月能够降低患者的糖化血红蛋白[WMD=-0.33,95%CI(-0.54,-0.12),P=0.002],且干预时间≥12个月对糖化血红蛋白的降低效果最好[WMD=-0.36,95%CI(-0.47,-0.25),P<0.01]。结论地中海饮食可以降低2型糖尿病患者的血糖,且干预时间越长,效果越好。

Objective To evaluate the influences of Mediterranean diet(MD)on blood glucose levels in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)to provide evidence for prevention and management of diabetes.Methods A wide search was made for the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the influence of Mediterranean diet on the blood glucose of T2DM patients in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,China Biomedical Literature Database and Pubmed,Embase,Web of science,Cochrane library(from establishment of the database to December 2020).Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 9 literatures were finally included.Meta analysis results showed that Mediterranean diet effectively reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose[WMD=-0.66,95%CI(-0.95,-0.36),P<0.01],2 hours postprandial blood glucose[WMD=-1.15,95%CI(-2.20,-0.09),P=0.03]and glycosylated hemoglobin[WMD=-0.28,95%CI(-0.41,-0.15),P<0.01]in T2DM patients.In experimental group,MD intervention for more than 12 months had the best effect on the reduction of glycosylated hemoglobin[WMD=-0.36,95%CI(-0.47,-0.25),P<0.01],followed by MD intervention for more than 6 but less than 12 months[WMD=-0.33,95%CI(-0.54,-0.12),P=0.002].Conclusions Mediterranean diet can reduce the blood glucose level in T2DM patients.The longer the dietary intervention time,the better the effect.